Process development for improved soft X-ray zone plates
نویسندگان
چکیده
We demonstrate two nanofabrication methods which improve the diffraction efficiency of high-resolution soft X-ray nickel zone plates. First, pulse electroplating is shown to result in uniform diffraction efficiency over the entire zone-plate area. A resulting enhancement of the total efficiency of 20% compared to conventional DC plating was measured. Second, we demonstrate that a high-resolution cold development process can be combined with efficiency-enhancing dry etching into an underlying germanium film. We present 16 nm half-pitch gratings composed of 50 nm nickel on top of 50 nm germanium. 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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